All conditions
Crystal arthritis
Calcium Pyrophosphate Deposition Disease
Also known as: CPPD, pseudogout, chondrocalcinosis
Arthritis caused by calcium pyrophosphate crystals in cartilage, which can trigger sudden gout-like attacks, usually in older adults.
Video lesson
What it is
Calcium pyrophosphate crystals build up in joint cartilage, especially with age. Many people have them without symptoms, but crystals shedding into the joint can cause acute inflammation. CPPD can also cause chronic arthritis that resembles osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis.
Symptoms
Sudden pain, swelling, warmth and redness in a knee or wrist, sometimes with fever. Attacks can follow surgery or illness. Chronic aching and stiffness are also possible.
How it’s diagnosed
The diagnosis is confirmed by drawing fluid from the joint and seeing the crystals under a microscope. X-rays or ultrasound may show calcium in the cartilage. Blood tests check for related thyroid, parathyroid or iron overload problems.
Treatment
Flares are treated with joint injections, NSAIDs, colchicine or a short steroid course. No medicine dissolves these crystals, but low-dose colchicine can prevent frequent attacks.
Living with it
Treat any underlying metabolic condition. Stay active, and keep a flare plan ready since attacks can come on quickly.
At a glance
Category
Crystal arthritis
Also known as
CPPD, pseudogout, chondrocalcinosis
Reviewed by Farhan Tahir, MD, FACR
Questions about your own care?
Book an in-person or telehealth consultation with Dr. Tahir.
For education only. Don’t start, stop or change a medicine without talking to your care team.